Chronic pain, especially chronic back pain, is a significant public health problem affecting millions. Traditional treatments don’t always provide sufficient relief, leading many to explore alternative options like medical cannabis.
Chronic pain is the most common reason why medical cannabis is prescribed; however, there is still a need for more evidence of its positive and negative effects on patients.
The authors of a recent study examined the use of legal cannabis edibles containing variable amounts of cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in patients with chronic low back pain.
Study on Medical Cannabis Edibles and Chronic Back Pain
A total of 249 participants intending to start cannabis use due to chronic low back pain were included in the study. Participants were asked to select edible cannabis products containing varying amounts of THC and CBD: these were categorised as CBD-dominant, THC-dominant, or combined THC and CBD (THC + CBD).
The participants were tracked over 2 weeks of use and assessed during a naturalistic acute cannabis administration session for changes in pain, mood, and subjective drug effects. The researchers aimed to determine whether these outcomes were more associated with CBD or THC.
Key Findings
Ninety-six participants were included in the CBD-dominant group, 117 in the THC + CBD group, and 36 in the THC-dominant group. Key findings following acute use of cannabis edibles included:
- THC and Pain: THC-dominant edibles were associated with a greater change in pain levels in the short term.
- CBD’s Potential for Long-Term Relief: CBD-dominant edibles, especially when used frequently, were linked to greater changes in pain levels after two weeks.
- Mood and Cannabis Use: Higher CBD doses were associated with changes in mood and tension.
Key Takeaways for Chronic Back Pain Sufferers
- Medical cannabis edibles, whether THC-dominant, CBD-dominant, or a combination, may alter the levels of chronic back pain.
- THC appears to be more likely to cause acute changes, while the changes associated with CBD may take longer to take effect.
- There may also be changes in mood associated with these products, which is important for individuals with chronic pain who are often affected by mental health conditions.
Looking Ahead: Further Research on Medical Cannabis
This study provides promising evidence on medical cannabis. However, more research is needed to establish optimal dosages and understand the long-term effects of medical cannabis edibles for chronic low back pain, and chronic pain in general, before they can be widely prescribed.
Important Considerations:
- Consult a Healthcare Professional: If you’re considering medical cannabis for chronic pain, consult a qualified healthcare professional. They can help you determine if it’s the right option for you and advise on dosage and potential interactions with other medications.
- Legal Status: Be aware of the legal status of medical cannabis in your area. In the UK you may only be eligible for a medical cannabis consultation if you have tried standard therapies and these haven’t worked for you.
- Individualised Treatment: The effects of medical cannabis can vary from person to person and it isn’t the right option for everyone. Work with your healthcare provider to find the most effective care for your specific needs.